This volume reflects on questions of human rights in the context of globalization. The essays responding to this subject are rich and varied: they focus on legal acceptance as well as consequences of human rights with regard to social rights and the necessary protection of the environment connected or close to those rights. Another approach to the subject featured in the volume is the legal recognition and the consideration of human rights as moral rights. With concepts on universality, a new (...) cosmopolitism, cultural pluralism and perspectives on religious variants and technological advances the debate on human rights is concluded. Index / Indice I. The Foundation of Rights / El fundamento de los derechos: J. Rubio Carracedo: El legalismo occidental: un problema para la universalizacion de los derechos humanos J. A. Seoane: El caracter juridico de las leyes injustas M. Borowski: Classifying and qualifying properties of fundamental rights J. von Platz: Faith in reason: questioning practical reason as fact, norm, end, and function of human rights R. Cruft: Policy implications of the philosophical foundations of human rights Maria Gabriela Scataglini: Derechos humanos: otra mirada sobre la cuestion de su universalidad II. A New Cosmopolitism / Un nuevo cosmopolitismo: V. de P. Barreto: Derecho cosmopolita y derechos humanos Luis Fernando Barzotto: Reconocimiento y fraternidad A. R. Bernstein: Justifying universal human rights via Rawlsian public reason H. Khatchadourian: Democracy and the globalization of human rights Milagros Otero Parga: Derechos humanos y globalizacion Halim Bepari: Human rights and the United Nations Miracy B. S. Gustin: Rescate de los derechos humanos en situaciones adversas de paises perifericos III. Multiculturism and Pluralism of Values /Multiculturalidad y pluralismo de valores: M. Herrero / M. Saralegui: Dogmatismo politico y pluralismo religioso Berry Tholen: Migration, justice, and Europe's identity. The relevance of special ties for EU's migration policy C. M. Alvarez Chicano: Implicaciones de la inconmensurabilidad de los valores en la aplicacion de principios de orden etico y juridico L. Perez Conejo: Axiologia juridica y pluralismo de valores: algunas consideraciones sobre la nocion de 'inconmensurabilidad' S-I. Liu: Fundamental legal values and globalization with regard to historical experience in freedom of speech L. C. Amezua: Libertad natural y esclavitud voluntaria: reflexiones de F. Suarez sobre la esclavitud IV. Rights and Gender / Derechos y genero: J.M. Gil Ruiz: La violencia de genero en el contexto familiar y la agresion de la ciencia juridica A. Goiriena Lekue: El interes superior del/la nino/a, coparentalidad y neutralidad de genero en la atribucion de la guarda y custodia de los hijos e hijas P. Garcia Guevara: Las politicas de genero en los paises globalizados del 'Tercer Mundo' V. Technological Impact and New Generation Rights / Impacto tecnologico y nuevas generaciones de derechos: M. Ahteensuu: Understanding the precautionary principle in the light of the traditional weak-strong distinction: a critical comment Cristina Monero Atienza: Bases para una teoria de los derechos en el siglo XXI M. Kitahara: Personal data processing and business ethics: personal data processing and personal data protection in business A. D. Oliver Lalana: El lado empirico de la legitimidad comunicativa: sobre la publicidad organizativa del derecho de proteccion de datos en internet J. Ebbesson / M. Zamboni: Transbordering democracy? The case of environment protection Sagrario Moles Nieto: El impacto medioambiental de los cultivos transgenicos VI. Bioethics and Law / Bioetica y derecho: M. Cruz Diaz de Teran: Principios para una biojuridica global C. Faralli / S. Tugnoli: Bioethics between law and science: the Italian law on medically assisted procreation (Law No. 40, February 19, 2004) N. Zeegers: The working of power in communicative regulation: the case of research with human embryos J. A. Fernandez Suarez: La bioetica en la era de la globalizacion F. J. Blazqez Ruiz: Privacidad y discriminacion genetica: propuestas bioeticas y juridicas ante los desafios de un mundo globalizado. (shrink)

For at least the last twenty years, philosophers have attempted various strategies for reviving the Hegelian notion of recognition and redeploying it in discourses centered around social justice, including multiculturalism, feminism, race theory, and queer theory. Hegel’s master-slave dialectic may seem like an obvious place to start to analyze the oppression of one group by another. Given that Hegel is not literally talking about slaves, however, but a stage of consciousness, indeed the onset of self-consciousness, we might wonder why his (...) notion of recognition has become so important to these contemporary discourses on oppression. One reason is that the Hegelian model of recognition proposes that.. (shrink)

Planning is a significant process function and counterpoises a very complex,dynamic and specific activity, which means that its subject consists of all forms of socialactivity, activities and life. Planning and programming are equally important to allentities regardless of their size and goals, as they all have experienced painful problemswith their planning efforts. Some emerge from the planning process itself, and somefrom the implementing procedure. Therefore the question arises: „How to help overcomefailures in planning from failures in implementation?” Hence, the management (...) teamhas no choice regarding the question: “Do they want to plan or not?” The sole alternativeis to carry out the planning completely, pragmatically and systematically. Onthe other hand, programming connects planning with budgeting and execution, andcounterpoises a sort of rational assumption to “turn” plans from adopted plans into programs,that is, projects and activities across main accounting categories, in accordancewith the desired capabilities and priorities. The analysis of the entire matter processedin this paper is carried out in a very specific way through the prism of identifying notonly the problems related to planning, programming and budgeting, but also makinga scientific contribution to the foundation of this rather significant conditionality andinterdependence. (shrink)

This collection of essays focuses on the interface between delusions and self-deception. As pathologies of belief, delusions and self-deception raise many of the same challenges for those seeking to understand them. Are delusions and self-deception entirely distinct phenomena, or might some forms of self-deception also qualify as delusional? To what extent might models of self-deception and delusion share common factors? In what ways do affect and motivation enter into normal belief-formation, and how might they be implicated in self-deception and delusion? (...) The essays in this volume tackle these questions from both empirical and conceptual perspectives. Some contributors focus on the general question of how to locate self-deception and delusion within our taxonomy of psychological states. Some contributors ask whether particular delusions - such as the Capgras delusion or anosognosia for hemiplegia - might be explained by appeal to motivational and affective factors. And some contributors provide general models of motivated reasoning, against which theories of pathological belief-formation might be measured. (shrink)

The paper focuses on the anthropological analyses of Blaise Pascal's Pensées and aims to elucidate their significance in the history and present from a methodological point of view. In its hermeneutic approach, Pascal's anthropology proves to be compatible with contemporary anthropologies such as Charles Taylor's description of man as a self‐interpreting animal. Finally, the potentials of such hermeneutic anthropologies for ethical questions should be indicated in perspective.

Ausgehend von der Disparatheit diverser systematischer Definitions- und Konturierungsversuche zur Existenzphilosophie rekonstruiert die vorliegende Studie die philosophiehistorischen Prämissen dieser Strömung, um im Anschluss daran einheitsstiftende Momente herauszuarbeiten. Zentrale These der Untersuchung ist, dass Søren Kierkegaard und Friedrich Nietzsche die beiden ebenbürtigen Initialfiguren der Existenzphilosophie sind. Mittels der systematischen Schwerpunkte Metaphysik, Anthropologie, Ethik und Darstellungsformen von Philosophie werden die inhaltlichen Umbrüche, die Kierkegaard und Nietzsche im Denken des 19. Jahrhunderts vollzogen und die somit die Voraussetzungen für die Existenzphilosophie bilden, im Detail (...) analysiert. Waren Kierkegaard und Nietzsche zu ihren Lebzeiten noch „Unzeitgemäße“, so entfaltet ihr Denken im 20. Jahrhundert sein ganzes wirkungsgeschichtliches Potenzial, das in der Existenzphilosophie seinesgleichen sucht – beide werden zu „Zeitgemäßen“. Im Anschluss an diese philosophiehistorischen Analysen und unter Berücksichtigung des wirkungsgeschichtlichen Kontextes beider Initialfiguren erfolgt der Entwurf eines Katalogs sowohl historischer als auch systematischer Merkmale der Existenzphilosophie. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Kant-Studien Jahrgang: 106 Heft: 1 Seiten: 107-129.

ArgumentThe nineteenth century witnessed the advent of the modern zoo. Nearly everyone who came to watch the exotic animals was a “lay person” in the sense that virtually none had formal training in zoology. This paper provides a typology of these observers: the zoo directors, assistants, keepers, animal painters, and the “common” visitor. What did they observe and what were their motivations? Did they pursue a certain agenda? What kind of knowledge, if any, did they produce? Soon the issue of (...) the reliability of these observations emerged. Lay observers insisted on the veracity of their intimate and personal knowledge of animals while academics complained that their claims could not be generalized and were tainted by anthropomorphism. Hence the focus on the observations of these laymen will reveal contemporary assumptions on what may count as “scientific.” This is closely linked to the question of how far the zoo may qualify as a site of scientific investigation in the first place. The constraints on doing research on animals in a public space such as the zoo were numerous. Yet despite these obstacles the zoological garden contributed to the rise of ecological thinking as well as to the formation of ethology as a scientific discipline. (shrink)

In this paper, we define the family FiCn:={FiCn}n∈ω of logics by means of semantics of bivaluations. This family is a variant of the family of paraconsistent bivaluated Ciun-logics, defined and studied by J. Ciuciura. We will show that every logic in FiCn can be alternatively defined by means of finite matrices. This result arises from the characterisation of the truth-values of the involved matrices (relative to each FiCn-logic) as being specific finite sequences of elements of the set 2 := {0,1}. (...) Moreover, we will show in this paper that such characterisation is related to the well-known standard Fibonacci Sequence, which is presented here by means of its binary expansion. (shrink)

El artículo tiene por objeto analizar la construcción del conocimiento mapuche según el discurso de kimches. Sostenemos que en la educación familiar existe un proceso de construcción de conocimientos propios como un sistema de saberes y contenidos educativos para la formación de personas. La metodología empleada es la investigación educativa. Los resultados parciales muestran una descripción acerca de la lógica de los conocimientos educativos propios, para contextualizar la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las ciencias en el medio escolar, desde la (...) educación intercultural en contexto mapuche. The aim of this article is to analyze the construction of Mapuche knowledge based on the kimches speech. We argue that within family education, there exists a process of constructing their own knowledge, as a system of knowledge and educational contents for forming individuals. The research methodology applied corresponds to education research. Preliminary results describe the logic of individual educational knowledge from intercultural education in the Mapuche context, so as to contextualize the teaching and learning of Science in schools. (shrink)

Definition of the problem “Ulysses contracts” are advance directives by means of which a patient authorizes compulsory treatment for a phase of a temporary inhibition of competence. Ethical discussion of Ulysses contracts usually focuses on the question of the “moral authority” or the “binding force” of Ulysses contracts, i.e., of whether Ulysses contracts should be honored or whether the competent patient’s prospective wishes for compulsory treatment are overridden by the patient’s actual preferences in the situation of treatment. Arguments In this (...) contribution, I argue that, even if the Ulysses contract undoubtedly applies to the actual situation, there may be reasons for not acting upon it. The main argument is that acting in conformity to a Ulysses contract may be justified but nevertheless wrong. After some terminological clarifications, I argue that Ulysses contracts justify the use of compulsory treatment but do not necessarily make it the right course of action. They authorize physicians to act in accordance with the patient’s advance directive and, thereby, protect them from blame and sanctions in case they administer compulsory treatment. Whether compulsory treatment is right or wrong, however, hinges on whether the patient retrospectively consents to it. It may be the case that administering compulsory treatment in conformity to the Ulysses contract is justified but turns out to be wrong if the patient does not retrospectively consent to it. It may also be the case that not obeying the Ulysses contract turns out to be right if the patient retrospectively consents to not following it. Conclusion In view of this, I conclude that Ulysses contracts should not be seen as morally binding and that they should not be made legally binding. They are not normatively on par with other advance directives that relate to, for example, states of dementia. (shrink)

Der Band versammelt die Beiträge einer internationalen Tagung zu zentralen Stationen der Vorsokratiker-Rezeption: Platon, Aristoteles, Autoren der hellenistischen und der Kaiserzeit, der Renaissance und der Gegenwart. Die Untersuchungen zeichnen sich durch einen rezeptionsorientierten Forschungsansatz aus und gehen in vielfältiger Hinsicht den Funktionen nach, die die Bezugnahmen auf die Vorsokratiker im jeweils untersuchten Rezeptionskontext erfüllen. Sie fragen: Welche Haltung zum rezipierten Text zeigt sich im rezipierenden Text? Dient er polemischer Abgrenzung oder vielmehr der Bekräftigung eigener Auffassungen im Rekurs auf die Autorität,der (...) Alten‘? Inwieweit lässt der rezipierende Text das Bemühen um eine unvoreingenommene, sachlich-objektive Darstellung erkennen? Konstruieren die rezipierenden Texte eine Rezeptions- oder Sukzessionslinie und wie ordnen sie sich selbst gegebenenfalls in diese ein? Wird hierbei der hermeneutische Prozess der Rezeption reflektiert oder thematisiert? Mit der Untersuchung dieser und ähnlicher Fragen greift der Band einen Forschungsansatz auf, der mit Bezug auf die Vorsokratiker ganz wesentlich von Georg Wöhrle gefördert wurde; ihm ist der Band als Festschrift gewidmet. (shrink)